{"id":297,"date":"2014-05-26T20:23:58","date_gmt":"2014-05-26T19:23:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/new.cadenede.com\/en\/?page_id=297"},"modified":"2014-05-26T20:39:06","modified_gmt":"2014-05-26T19:39:06","slug":"history","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/new.cadenede.com\/en\/contact\/history\/","title":{"rendered":"History"},"content":{"rendered":"

A few words of history…\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

The word \u00ab\u00a0Caden\u00e8de\u00a0\u00bb (Cadeneda in occitan language) means a field covered by \u00ab\u00a0cades\u00a0\u00bb i.e. junipers. You can find some ones around the house, and pick its black berries useful for cooking and to produce gin!<\/p>\n

Since the Neolithic period (circa 3000 B.C.), an \u201copen station \u201ctook place just over the hamlet of Soulobres. A bit more recently were raised the 4 dolmens, megalithic burials. The nearest\u00a0 is hardly located \u00a02 km from the house. You can go there by foot, mountain-biking (see our map) or driving through the\u00a0 subway under the motorway, which is to be taken on the right side of the road, before the viaduct. Several axes (Bronze\u00a0 Period1500 B.C.),were found hereabout and can be seen in the Mus\u00e9e de Millau (place Foch). They are the real proof the spot was inhabited in the Ancient Times. (Elevated positions were always chosen to better organize a defense against possible attackers).<\/p>\n

Geology is very complex and diversified. It allowed in the past centuries to extract copper, lead and barium oxide. You can see the white stains of the latter on the corniches-cliffs, under la Caden\u00e8de and above the small road to Peyre.<\/p>\n

La \u00ab\u00a0Boria de la Cadeneda\u00a0\u00bb in the past was fortified. Its proud outline is still visible from Millau, lookink like an old cloister. A 1289 authenticated record \u00a0\u00a0reports the Mas de la Cadeneda<\/i> was linked to the Saint Pierre de Brocu\u00e9jouls parish. You can see this charming small chapel, 300 meters from the northern side of the Viaduct. You can also go there, walking, biking or driving. This chapel was built during the XIth century.<\/p>\n

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The authenticated\u00a0 record\u00a0 of the\u00a0 tower in 1289 is prooving that\u00a0 la Caden\u00e8de was an official fief at least for the XIIIth century. It was protecting the\u00a0 peasants from Soulobres and Brocu\u00e9jouls when they were threatened. They were\u00a0 attacked\u00a0 by the Routiers during the Hundred Years War (XIV-XVth century) . when these soldiers were not paid by pro-English or pro-French, they were \u00a0\u201crazzing\u201dcivilian population, stealing their goods i.e.mainly their sheep. One time the lord was out, the robbers took the flock of sheep. Coming back to the Caden\u00e8de, he could be informed on their escape way. He succeeded to join them at the top of the Larzac heights. To avoid a risky and bloody fight, he accepted to pay a ransom, and brought back the sheep to the house.<\/p>\n

The domaine successively belonged to\u00a0 J. Tholose, from Castelmus in 1416, then to Desirada Vincens in 1452, then to\u00a0 J. Hugla, merchant in \u00a0Montpellier, who rented out this farm to Jean Boyer in 1596. Then\u00a0 it seems\u00a0 la Caden\u00e8de belonged to the Convent of the Fr\u00e8res Mineurs in Rodez.<\/p>\n

But an important step took place during the XVIIth century, more precisely in\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1660. The final global layout is provided, with its 4 building bodies surrounding the square yard, the two small angle \u00e9chauguettes \u00a0and the \u201cbret\u00e8che\u201d, built above the entrance portal, to protect it. As a matter of fact, the owner, Fran\u00e7ois de Courtines, became powerful, since he was chosen by the king to collect the Millau taxes. He owned more than twenty properties. He officially became the Bailly de Millau. At that time, the king is Louis the XIVth\u2026 He might have seen such an architecture type in Paris. The architect and the masons were clever enough to \u00ab\u00a0merge\u00a0\u00bb the oldest 3 houses which are the northern building (appartments Causse Rouge and Courtines) and the 2 southern buildings (appartments Troubadours and Templiers). You still can discover some \u00a0\u00a0separations on the outer walls. \u00a0For instance on the left side of the fitness room, the \u00ab\u00a0chaufferie\u201ddoor was built during the XVth century. The works in 166O reduced it one half.<\/p>\n

The family de Courtines, then called de Sambucy de Courtines, has its coat of arms. It was placed above the entrance up to 1964, when the previous owner decided to withdraw it (to protect it) and put it above the main fire-place in the Salon Troubadours. This coat of arms is \u201cexplaning arms\u201dtype\u00a0: as a matter of fact, the family name \u00ab\u00a0Courtines\u00a0\u00bb means \u00ab\u00a0flag\u00a0\u00bb or \u00ab\u00a0canopy\u00a0\u00bb used to protect from the sun or rain a lord or a bishop when walking. A hand is holding this canopy in the upper part of the coat. In its lower part, you can see a cross above the earth globe and a silver moon crescent). This last detail, the moon, could only be beard by a knight having fought in the Holy Land during the Crusades.<\/p>\n

\"Chemin\u00e9e\"heradlique1\"<\/p>\n

La Caden\u00e8de then was rented to Pierre Boyer in 1749. La Caden\u00e8de then was a rather important farm with its 130 hectares, but its incomes remain modest, mainly based on ewe-milk , used for the Roquefort cheese production.<\/p>\n

Several news items were written in 1732 before the R\u00e9volution, poaching, fruit picking and wood gathering (for heating). But there were no special violent events. On the 30th of\u00a0 frimaire (revolutionnary calendar) 1792, Fran\u00e7ois Boyer, from la Caden\u00e8de, obtained a \u00ab\u00a0certificate of civism\u00a0\u00bb granted for\u00a0 \u00abelected horseman\u00a0\u00bb to complete the Horsemen regiment \u00ab\u00a0la montagne\u00a0\u00bb for the Commune de Millau.<\/p>\n

For the XIXth century la Caden\u00e8de has steadily been decading. Owned by people not living there, it was operated by low-income farmers. The Marcel Pagnol films, as \u201cManon des Sources\u201d, enable us to better understand how difficult was the rural way of life in few fertile regions. Let us not forget this part of Millau was called \u00ab\u00a0Pays Maigre\u00a0\u00bb, because of the thin earth layer over the rocky ground.<\/p>\n

A sale-publicity was published on the 11th of September 1858, in the newspaper L\u2019Echo de la Dourbie\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

The official population census allow us to know the following farmers\u00a0:<\/p>\n

1836\u00a0: Fran\u00e7ois Boyer<\/p>\n

1856\u00a0and 1866: Jacques Barthe<\/p>\n

1876\u00a0: Veuve Barthe, Ang\u00e9lique Pailhas<\/p>\n

1886\u00a0 and 1901 : Cl\u00e9ment Barthe<\/p>\n

1911\u00a0: Flavie Barthe<\/p>\n

1921\u00a0: Charles Querbes<\/p>\n

1931\u00a0: L\u00e9on Cassan<\/p>\n

1936\u00a0and 1946 : Joseph Gaven<\/p>\n

1954 and 1962\u00a0: Henri Daures<\/p>\n

At the\u00a0 XXth century beginning, the Barthe family then is managing the farm. Its descendants Lucien and Suzanne, now back to Millau, provided us these pictures.<\/p>\n

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\"cadenede_tab2\"photo taken in 1904<\/p>\n

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On the 6th of August 1910 \u00ab\u00a0Messager de Millau\u00a0\u00bb, newspaper, we can read: \u00abOn the saturday 30th of July, at 6 pm, the fire bells rang, freightening the population. A big fire bursted out in la Caden\u00e8de, a big farm, 3 km from Millau. The fire began in the northern barn and quickly spread in the whole house. No means at that time to fight the fire, and the total collapsing cannot be avoided.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0And the widow Barthe, the likeable farmwoman, and her numerous family grieved in front of this terrifying scenery which was destroying all that they owned. Without any water, the village neighbours could not efficiently help. Happily, the Barthe family was protected by an insurance contract, so as the owner, Roger de Lahondes de Laborie, a gentleman farmer in Mende (Loz\u00e8re) \u00bb.<\/p>\n

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Pictures taken after the fire and the first restoration in the XXth century.<\/p>\n

Happily and cheerfully for Juliette and Flavie in 1929.<\/p>\n

In the \u00a01960s, the family Daures was\u00a0 the last one to operate the farm.<\/p>\n

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\"cadenede_tab9\"\"cadenede_tab8\"<\/p>\n

In 1964, Jean-Pierre Ficholle, a plastic manufacturer, buys la Caden\u00e8de with his wife. From a rich textile manufacturers family, and emigrated from the North of France, she was hidden and protected during the 2nd<\/sup> WW in the Domaine de la Barraque, close to Ste Eulalie de Cernon on the Larzac. With important means and a quality taste, they undertook heavy works of restoration, well respecting\u00a0 the style of this patrimony.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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We invested on La Caden\u00e8de in 2002, and carry on the restoration works to make the house more userfriendly for families and friends groups. You can see some pictures of the works in the main entrance.<\/p>\n

Coming here, you contribute to making it possible to maintain and improve this piece of local history and patrimony. The next restoration works are concerning\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 the underground grain loft, the wine and the water cistern (partly visible 150 meters on the right side of the domain entrance).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Philippe Malaval<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sources\u00a0:<\/em>
\n-Georges Girard, ancien archiviste de la ville de Millau<\/em>
\n– Suzanne et Lucien Barthe<\/em>
\n-Revue \u00ab\u00a0Sauvegarde du Rouergue\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>
\n-Millau \u00e0 travers les si\u00e8cles, Jules Arti\u00e8res.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A few words of history…\u00a0 The word \u00ab\u00a0Caden\u00e8de\u00a0\u00bb (Cadeneda in occitan language) means a field covered by \u00ab\u00a0cades\u00a0\u00bb i.e. junipers. You can find some…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":34,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/new.cadenede.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/297"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/new.cadenede.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/new.cadenede.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/new.cadenede.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/new.cadenede.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=297"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/new.cadenede.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/297\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":311,"href":"http:\/\/new.cadenede.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/297\/revisions\/311"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/new.cadenede.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/34"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/new.cadenede.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=297"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}